The only major city to escape the destruction of World War II,
Krakow has one of the best-preserved medieval city centres in
Europe. The Old Town is a significant UNESCO World Heritage Site
and retains a wealth of architectural gems from different periods,
with magnificent churches and aristocratic palaces lining the old
streets, reminiscent of its glorious days when it was the abode of
kings and royalty. At the heart of the city lies one of the
grandest squares in Europe, the Old Market Square.
The charming Old Town is a compact area encircled by leafy
parkland that forms a green belt around the historic centre. The
main entrance to the old city was through the Florian Gate, set
within the original city walls, now the haunt of artists and their
work. With a thriving cultural life, it has been home to many of
the nation's greatest writers, artists and intellectuals, and is
one of the main cultural centres in the country, a spirited city
with personality and charisma.
Overlooking the city is Wawel Hill, topped by the striking Royal
Castle and Cathedral, the seat of Polish kings for seven centuries
and the symbols of Polish national history. Also important is the
city's Jewish roots, and the history of one of the great Jewish
centres in Europe can clearly be seen in the old ghetto area of
Kazimierz, and starkly remembered in the memorial death camps of
Auschwitz and Birkenau, west of Krakow.
Situated on the banks of the Vistula River, Krakow is also a
modern city, the third largest in Poland, and an important
university centre boasting the oldest university in Europe. The
large student population creates a lively atmosphere and a vibrant
nightlife. Countless cafes and outdoor restaurants surround the
cobbled main square. The unique atmosphere of this medieval city
has made it one of Poland's most popular tourist destinations.
Getting around: Buses and trams are the easiest and cheapest way to
get around in Krakow, though they can be crowded during rush hour.
Tickets can be purchased at various kiosks, ticket machines and on
the bus or tram itself. Taxis are readily available, though prices
increase between 10pm and 8am. Radio taxis (identified by a taxi
sign and the phone number of the company) usually offer the best
rates. The Old Town is relatively compact and easy to negotiate,
and is best explored on foot as it is closed to traffic. Many of
Krakow's attractions are within easy walking distance and car hire
is only really necessary if venturing outside the city into the
outer regions.






