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The adhan was given in a dream to a companion of the prophet Muhammad. Muhammad asked that it be taught to a convert to Islam, an Abyssinian freed slave called Bilal, who was then the first muezzin.
The words of the adhan include the shahadah (testimony). Each of its phrases is repeated twice.
Red, white, and blue recall the French tricolour. Red, yellow, and green are the pan-African colours. Red represents the common blood of mankind which links African and European nations. Effective date: 1 December 1958.
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