Protectorate, the

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Period of English history, 1653–59, when England was ruled by a Lord Protector, Oliver Cromwell (1653–58) and his son Richard Cromwell (1658–59).

After the failure of the Barebones Parliament in 1653, a group of moderates, led by General John Lambert, met and formulated a document called the Instrument of Government. England was to be ruled by a Lord Protector, but he was to be restricted by a Council of State, and a Parliament was to be called every three years.

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