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In classical Greek there were three: the acute accent (´), the grave accent (`), and the circumflex (). There are now a number of other accents. Examples are the hácek (ˇ) used in Slavonic languages, and the macron (¯) used to indicate a long vowel in transcriptions of, for example, Sanskrit and Japanese (as in Mahayana, No). Accents can be used to indicate stress, length, or other aspects of pronunciation.
The mon, the central red disc, is called Hi-no-maru or sun-disc. The disc is set slightly towards the hoist. White symbolizes honesty and purity. Effective date: 5 August 1854.
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