nuclear energy

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Energy released from the inner core, or nucleus, of the atom. Energy produced by nuclear fission (the splitting of certain atomic nuclei) has been harnessed since the 1950s to generate electricity, and research continues into the possible controlled use of nuclear fusion (the fusing, or combining, of atomic nuclei).

In nuclear power stations, fission of radioactive substances (see radioactivity) takes place, releasing large amounts of heat energy. The heat is used to produce the steam that drives turbines and generators, producing electrical power.

Nuclear energy is produced from the transformation of matter into energy. The amount of energy can be calculated from Einstein's equation, E = mc², where E is the heat energy given out, m is the mass of radioactive substance, and c is the speed of light.

The Sun is an example of a natural nuclear reactor. In every second enormous numbers of nuclei of hydrogen fuse together to form nuclei of helium, generating a continuous supply of heat and light energy. This is called a fusion reaction. A hydrogen bomb obtains its energy from a fusion reaction.

The wingless dragon holds jewels in its claws to represent prosperity. Saffron yellow symbolizes the power of the monarchy. Orange-red stands for Buddhism. Effective date: c. 1971. >>