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Around 10% of the reactants combine, and the unused gases are recycled. The ammonia is separated by either dissolving in water or cooling to liquid form.
The equation
predicts that the volume of the gas mix should be reduced by half if the reactants were completely converted to ammonia. Thus, following Le Chatelier's principle, high pressure can be used to shift the equilibrium to the right hand side.
Red and white are the national colours, derived from a 13th-century emblem bearing a white eagle on a red field. Effective date: 23 March 1956.
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