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Haber process
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Haber Process
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Industrial process by which ammonia is manufactured by direct combination of its elements, nitrogen and hydrogen. As the method is a reversible reaction which reaches chemical equilibrium, the manufacturing conditions have to be chosen carefully in order to achieve the best yield of ammonia. The reaction is carried out at 400–500°C/752–932°F and at 200 atmospheres pressure. The two gases, in the proportions of 1:3 by volume, are passed over a catalyst of finely divided iron.
Around 10% of the reactants combine, and the unused gases are recycled. The ammonia is separated either by being dissolved in water or by being cooled to liquid form.
© Research Machines plc 2008. All rights reserved. Helicon Publishing is a division of Research Machines plc.
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liquid air
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nitrate
nitric acid
nitrogen
nitrogen cycle
oxidation (chemistry)
oxygen
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rate of reaction
reaction
redox reaction
reduction
respiration
reversible reaction
rust (chemistry)
smoke
sulphuric acid
water pollution
yield (chemistry)
activation energy
aerial oxidation
ammonia
ammonium nitrate
biotechnology
brewing
catalyst
chemical equation
chemical equilibrium
collision theory
combustion
competition reaction
conservation of mass
contact process
decomposition
denaturation
displacement reaction
endothermic reaction
energy of reaction
energy transfer
enzyme
equation (chemistry)
equation, word
eutrophication
exothermic reaction
fertilizer
fossil fuel
Haber process
kinetic theory
liquid air
neutralization
nitrate
nitric acid
nitrogen
nitrogen cycle
oxidation (chemistry)
oxygen
particle theory
photosynthesis
rate of reaction
reaction
redox reaction
reduction
respiration
reversible reaction
rust (chemistry)
smoke
sulphuric acid
water pollution
yield (chemistry)
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