accommodation

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In biology, the process by which the eye focuses on near or far objects by changing the shape of the lens.

For an object to be viewed clearly its image must be precisely focused on the retina, the light-sensitive layer of cells at the rear of the eye. Close objects can be seen when the lens takes up a more spherical shape, far objects when the lens is flattened. These changes in shape are caused by the movement of ligaments attached to a ring of ciliary muscles lying beneath the iris.

From about the age of 40, the lens in the human eye becomes less flexible, causing the defect of vision known as presbyopia or lack of accommodation. People with this defect need different spectacles for reading and distance vision.

The national colours are taken from the Rusyn arms of 1848. Effective date: 28 January 1992. >>