O'Neill, Eugene Gladstone

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US playwright. He is widely regarded as the greatest US dramatist. His plays, although tragic, are characterized by a down-to-earth quality and are often experimental in form, influenced by German expressionism, Strindberg, and Freud. They were a radical departure from the romantic and melodramatic American theatre entertainments. They include Beyond the Horizon (1920) and Anna Christie (1921), both of which won a Pulitzer Prize, as well as The Emperor Jones (1920), The Hairy Ape (1922), Desire Under the Elms (1924), The Iceman Cometh (1946), and the posthumously produced autobiographical drama A Long Day's Journey into Night (1956; written 1941), also a Pulitzer prizewinner. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1936.

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