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Axelrod, Julius
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Axelrod, Julius
US neuropharmacologist who was awarded a Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1970 for his work with the biophysicists Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler, on neurotransmitters (the chemical messengers of the brain).
Axelrod set out to discover why the messengers, once transmitted, should stop operating. Through his studies he found a number of specific enzymes that rapidly degraded the neurotransmitters. He also conducted research on the pineal gland, the endocrine gland that secretes melatonin in the brain, and its regulation of the sleep cycle.
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Nepal Flag
Initially the sun and moon had human faces, but they were removed when the flag was updated in 1962. The flag is said to express the hope that Nepal will endure as long as the sun and the moon. The blue border symbolizes peace. Effective date: 16 December 1962.
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