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The grandson of his predecessor Hargobind, Har Rai was ordained guru at the age of 14. He protected the Adi Granth, the holy book that was to become the Guru Granth Sahib, from any change, against the wishes of the Mogul emperor Aurangzeb, who wanted Sikhism modified. Har Rai also gave people access to free medicines, and continued Hargobind's support of the Sikh army.
He appointed his five-year-old son, Har Krishen, as his successor.
Red, white, and blue recall the French tricolour. Red, yellow, and green are the pan-African colours. Red represents the common blood of mankind which links African and European nations. Effective date: 1 December 1958.
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