French music teacher and conductor. She studied under Gabriel Fauré at the Paris Conservatory, where she later taught, as well as at the École Normale de Musique and the American Conservatory at Fontainebleau. Many distinguished composers were her pupils, including her sister, Lili Boulanger, Lennox Berkeley, Aaron Copland, Jean Françaix, Roy Harris, Walter Piston, and Philip Glass.
A condor, poised to attack enemies, protects the nation under its wings. Blue symbolizes independence from Spain. Yellow recalls the Federation of Greater Colombia. Red stands for courage. Effective date: 7 November 1900.