Capital and chief port of Guinea-Bissau, on an island at the mouth of the Geba River; population (2002 est) 288,300. Originally a Portuguese fortified slave-trading centre (1687), Bissau became a free port in 1869. Industries include agricultural processing, fishing, textiles, and crafts; exports include nuts, rice, wax, and hides. There are refrigeration units at the port, and there is an international airport and a university. Bissau replaced Bolama as the capital in 1941.
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