City in north-central Alabama, situated in the Jones Valley, at the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains; seat of Jefferson County; population (2000 est) 242,800. It is the largest city in
Alabama and is an industrial centre. Birmingham was once the steelmaking centre of the South, and although some former iron and steel plants are now museums, steel is still made here. Other industries include chemicals, building materials, railroad and aircraft equipment, computers, and cotton textiles; Birmingham's port is connected to the Gulf of Mexico via the Black Warrior River.
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