Silicon dioxide, SiO2, the composition of the most common mineral group, of which the most familiar form is quartz. Other silica forms are chalcedony, chert, opal, tridymite, and cristobalite.
Common sand consists largely of silica in the form of quartz.
Green is a symbol of fertility. White represents neutrality. Black reflects the Emirates' oil wealth. Red recalls the former flags of the Kharijite Muslims. Effective date: 2 December 1971.