Drug extracted from the unripe seeds of the opium poppy (
Papaver somniferum) of southwestern Asia. An addictive
narcotic, it contains several
alkaloids, including
morphine, one of the most powerful natural painkillers and addictive narcotics known, and
codeine, a milder painkiller, which are referred to as
opiates.
Heroin is a synthetic derivative of morphine and even more powerful as a drug. Opium is still sometimes given as a tincture, dissolved in alcohol and known as
laudanum. Opium also contains the highly poisonous alkaloid
thebaine.
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