English conductor. He excelled in the Romantic repertory, especially the symphonies of Elgar, Sibelius, Mahler, and Vaughan Williams. Trained as a cellist, he succeeded Arturo Toscanini as conductor of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra from 1937 to 1943 and was conductor of the Hallé Orchestra, Manchester, England from 1943 to 1970.
Black recalls the country's tragic past. White reflects the Georgians' hopes for the future. Dark red is the national colour and is said to represent happiness. Effective date: 14 November 1990.