Tipperary

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County of the Republic of Ireland, in the province of Munster, divided into the administrative areas of North and South Ridings; county town Clonmel; area 4,255 sq km/1,643 sq mi; population (2002) Tipperary North 61,000; Tipperary South 79,100. It includes part of the Golden Vale, a fertile dairy-farming region. Agriculture is the chief industry; barley and oats are the main crops, but potatoes and turnips are also grown. Cattle are reared in large numbers, and there are flour mills and butter factories. There is also horse and greyhound breeding. Other main towns are Cahir, Carrick-on-Suir, Cashel, Templemore, Tipperary, Thurles, Nenagh, and Roscrea. Major tourist attractions in the county include the Rock of Cashel (a group of medieval buildings including a 12th-century round tower and 13th-century cathedral) and Cahir Castle (15th century).

History
The county is one of those supposed to have been created by King John in 1210. It was granted to the Earls of Ormond in 1328, and was the last of the Irish palatine counties. In 1848 it was the scene of the Young Ireland rising, an abortive rebellion staged by a group who wanted to have repealed the Act of Union that had been introduced in January 1800 by the British prime minister William Pitt.

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