pacifism

Click a letter for the index

Or search the encyclopaedia:

 

 

Go

 

Belief that violence, even in self-defence, is unjustifiable under any conditions and that arbitration is preferable to war as a means of solving disputes. In the East, pacifism has roots in Buddhism, and non-violent action was used by Mahatma Gandhi in the struggle for Indian independence.

The small stars stand for the original provinces of Congo at independence in 1960. The single gold star was said to represent the light of civilization. Effective date: 17 May 1997. >>