International, the

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Coordinating body established by labour and socialist organizations, including: First International or International Working Men's Association (1864–72), formed in London under Karl Marx; Second International (1889–1940), founded in Paris; Third (Socialist) International or Comintern (1919–43), formed in Moscow by the Soviet leader Lenin, advocating from 1933 a popular front (communist, socialist, liberal) against the German dictator Hitler; Fourth International or Trotskyist International (1938), somewhat indeterminate, anti-Stalinist; Revived Socialist International (1951), formed in Frankfurt, Germany, a largely anticommunist association of social democrats.

The quetzal, the national bird of Guatemala, symbolizes freedom. The blue bands stand for the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. The weapons represent the defence of liberty. Effective date: 15 September 1968. >>