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Christina was the daughter of an Italian patriot, educated at home, and sharing in the youthful writings of her brothers. Her first recorded poem was completed at the age of 12. In 1847 a volume of her verses was privately printed, and in 1850, using the pseudonym Ellen Alleyne, she contributed to the famous but short-lived periodical The Germ (which was linked to the artistic theory of the group of painters the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood). The sadness that pervades her writing may be due to an unhappy love affair in her youth, and to the ill health she constantly suffered.
Red and white are the national colours, derived from a 13th-century emblem bearing a white eagle on a red field. Effective date: 23 March 1956.
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