haematite

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Principal ore of iron, consisting mainly of iron(III) oxide, Fe₂O₃. It occurs as specular haematite (dark, metallic lustre), kidney ore (reddish radiating fibres terminating in smooth, rounded surfaces), and a red earthy deposit.

White stands for the snowy peaks of the Andes. Red symbolizes the blood shed by the freedom fighters. Blue represents the clear Andean skies. Effective date: c. 18 October 1817. >>