Fourth Mogul emperor of India (160527), succeeding his father Akbar the Great. The first part of his reign was marked by peace, prosperity, and a flowering of the arts, but the latter half by rebellion and succession conflicts.
Black represents the occupation of foreigners, red represents the blood of freedom fighters, and green denotes Islam. In the middle of the flag is a mehrab, an arch in a mosque where the congregation stands, and a mender, a pulpit in a mosque. The mehrab and mender are both in white, and are enclosed by wheat. Effective date: 5 February 2002.