Irish soldier and administrator. He defeated the Sudanese at the Battle of Omdurman in 1898 and reoccupied Khartoum. In South Africa, he was commander-in-chief 190002 during the Boer War, and he commanded the forces in India 190209. Appointed war minister on the outbreak of World War I, he was successful in his campaign calling for voluntary recruitment.
Blue expresses patriotism and noble ideas. Red denotes bravery. White symbolizes peace and purity. The stars stand for the three island groups: Luzon, the Visayan, and Mindanao. Effective date: 25 March 1936.