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Lukács, Georg
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Lukács, Georg
Hungarian philosopher and literary critic, one of the founders of ‘Western’ or ‘Hegelian’ Marxism, a philosophy opposed to the Marxism of the official communist movement. He also wrote on aesthetics and the sociology of literature.
In History and Class Consciousness (1923), he discussed the process of reification, reintroducing alienation as a central concept, and argued that bourgeois thought was ‘false consciousness’. Rejected by official socialist literati, he was also an outsider to the dominant literary movements of the West. He argued for realism in literature and opposed modernism, particularly the work of James Joyce and Franz Kafka.
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