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During the Middle Ages Provençal was in competition with French and was the language of the troubadours. It had a strong literary influence on such neighbouring languages as Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese. Since the 19th century, attempts have been made to revive it as a literary language.
Red symbolizes the fire from Iceland's volcanos. White represents ice. Blue stands for the mountains. Effective date: 19 June 1915.
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