German chemist who in 1828 became the first person to synthesize an organic compound (urea) from an inorganic compound (ammonium cyanate). He also devised a method in 1827 that isolated the metals aluminium, beryllium, yttrium, and titanium from their ores.
Red stands for hardiness and valour. White signifies purity and innocence. Blue represents vigilance, perseverance, and justice. The latest star, representing Hawaii, was added in 1960. Effective date: 4 July 1960.