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sedimentary rock

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Sedimentary Rock

Grand Canyon, South Rim - Click to enlarge sedimentary beds at Stair Hole - Click to enlarge sedimentary rock on Jersey, Channel Islands - Click to enlarge

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Rock formed by the accumulation and cementation of deposits that have been laid down by water, wind, ice, or gravity. Sedimentary rocks cover more than two-thirds of the Earth's surface and comprise three major categories: clastic, chemically precipitated, and organic (or biogenic). Clastic sediments are the largest group and are composed of fragments of pre-existing rocks; they include clays, sands, and gravels.

Chemical precipitates include some limestones and evaporated deposits such as gypsum and halite (rock salt). Coal, oil shale, and limestone made of fossil material are examples of organic sedimentary rocks.

Most sedimentary rocks show distinct layering (stratification), because they are originally deposited as more or less horizontal layers.

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atmosphere (earth science)
basalt
bed
breccia
calcium carbonate
calcium hydroxide
carbon cycle
carbon dioxide
carbonate
cementation
chalk (rock)
chemical weathering
coastal erosion
conglomerate (geology)
continental drift
core (earth science)
crust
earthquake
erosion
evaporation
exfoliation
extrusive rock
fault
fertilizer
fold
fossil
freeze–thaw
global warming
gneiss
granite
gravel
greenhouse effect
helium
igneous rock
intrusive rock
krypton
lava
limestone
lithification
lithosphere
magma
mantle
marble
metamorphic rock
metamorphism
mineral
neon
nitrate
nitrogen
nitrogen cycle
ocean
oxygen
physical weathering
plate
plate tectonics
plutonic rock
pollution
Precambrian era
rock
rock cycle
sandstone
schist
seafloor spreading
seawater
sediment
sedimentary rock
shale
silica
slate
soil
volcano
water
water cycle
water pollution
weathering

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