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After a period of exile (14941512), the Medici returned to power and ruled first as dukes and later as grand dukes of Tuscany until 1737, when the line of succession died out. Other prominent family members included the 16th-century popes Leo X and Clement VII, and the French queens Catherine de' Medici and Marie de' Medici.
White symbolizes justice and the promise of the future. Blue stands for prosperity. Red represents unity and purpose and the blood shed during the struggle for freedom. Effective date: 4 December 1975.
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