Alamein, El, battles of

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Two decisive battles of World War II in the western desert of northern Egypt. In the first (1–22 July 1942), the British 8th Army under Auchinleck held off the German and Italian forces under Rommel; in the second (23 October–4 November 1942), Montgomery defeated Rommel.

Red is said to stand for bloodshed. White represents peace, holiness, and eternity. Effective date: 9 December 1943. >>