Russian poet. He aroused controversy with his anti-Stalinist Stalin's Heirs (1956), published with Khrushchev's support, and Babi Yar (1961), which attacked Russian as well as Nazi anti-Semitism. His other works include the long poem Zima Junction (1956), the novel Berries (1981), and Precocious Autobiography (1963).
Modelled on the French tricolour, the vertical stripes represent liberty and revolution. The almost square proportions of the flag are unusual. Effective date: 23 January 1831.