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David Cameron is being urged to rejig the tax system in favour of married couples, as part of a package of nearly 200 measures to halt family breakdown.
The recommendation comes from the Conservative party's social justice policy review, and represents the first major policy crossroads for the leader.
The 670-page report also calls for steep hikes in alcohol taxes and a rise in the gambling age to help prevent binge drinking and addiction.
None of the findings are binding on Mr Cameron, who will respond this afternoon.
But in a sign of the potential pitfalls ahead, many of the recommendations have already been criticised as an attack on lone parent families by charities, and by the government.
The report, by former Tory leader Iain Duncan Smith, calls for an overhaul of the tax system to recognise the "benefits which marriage brings to society".
Under it married couples would get a tax and benefits boost potentially worth thousands of pounds a year, as spouses would be allowed to transfer any unused tax allowances to their partner.
The report says such a move is aimed at helping single-earner couples where one parent stayed at home with young children.
As well as the transferable allowance, which the group said would be worth £20 a week to one-earner households, it suggests increasing.....continued below
This could give up to 1.8 million couples an additional £32 a week.
Under the proposals, set out in a bumper Breakthrough Britain report, disincentives for couples to stay together would also be removed from the benefits system.
Such is the new Tory emphasis on society and poverty that the party is explaining its proposals in detail over six sessions and two days.
The report also tackles educational underachievement and crime, and posits the cost of societal breakdown at £102bn.
Other measures include:
· "Front-loading" child benefit to give parents greater financial freedom to look after their children in their first three years.
·Lone parents required to work full time once their children reached the age of 11 to get more people off benefits and into work. · Increasing the scope of credit unions providing low-interest loans to low-income families in an attempt to save them from loan sharks. · Making volunteering part of the school curriculum and rewarding youngsters who undertake community work with tickets for pop concerts.
· Raising the gambling age limit from 16 to 18 and requiring the gaming industry to spend more than £10m a year on research into anti-addiction programmes.
· A £400m tax on alcohol to double the amount spent on drink and drugs treatment.
· Charities and parents to be allowed to set up new "pioneer schools", set up as charities, free of local authority control, and able to recruit staff and set pay levels.
The 18-months of research which went into the report is one of six policy reviews commissioned by Mr Cameron when he became leader in December 2005.
The new social exclusion minister, Ed Miliband, insisted the proposals for reshaping the tax system would damage children.
"I don't think that paying £20 a week to all married couples in this country - which would cost billions of pounds and Ive got no idea how Iain would pay for it - is the right thing to do," he told BBC Radio 4's Today programme.
"What we should be doing is supporting children. We shouldn't be saying because of the decisions your parents have made, whether a spouse has left another, that children should lose out, and whatever Iain says that is the implication."
Mr Miliband said the government believed the family was a "bedrock of society", but it did not want to make a "judgment" about individual families' circumstances.
And the charity Child Poverty Action group said "a marriage certificate does not end addiction".
Chief executive Kate Green said: "Marriage does not cure a mental health condition, it does not cancel debt, it does not increase skills and qualifications and it does not provide employment.
"Addressing these problems will do more to support relationships and lift children out of poverty than using the tax and benefit system to penalise children for their family background.
Camila Batmanghelidjh, founder of the Kids Company charity, said she did not approve of the Conservatives' proposals.
She said: "I don't see how it is going to help people or effect in any way people staying married or people getting married.
"And I think it is unfair when there are people living happily together to not give them the same tax incentive."
In his preface to the report, Mr Duncan Smith writes: "I have seen levels of social breakdown which have appalled and angered me.
"In the fourth largest economy in the world, too many people live in dysfunctional homes, trapped on benefits.
"Too many children leave school with no qualifications or skills to enable them to work and prosper.
"Too many communities are blighted by alcohol and drug addiction, debt and criminality and have low levels of life expectancy."
Speaking on GMTV about a tax increase on alcohol, he added: "I was not a particular supporter of that when we first started to look at it.
"But as we looked at what other countries are doing, as we looked at the connection between the cost of alcohol relative to income, we found that really it's never been lower, almost since living memory, since the 1900s.
"Most of the experts now reckon there is a correlation between the absolute price, particularly among children.
"We now have 11 and 12-year-olds admitting to us, 10% and 12%, that they binge drink once a month, 60% of 16-year-olds are binge drinking. We know the connection between that level of drinking and illegal drugs is absolute and they're going to be doing that as well.
"So we've got to be looking at re-setting the balance. It's not going to be popular, I accept that."
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007