Pamergan P 100

How does it work?

This injection contains two active ingredients, pethidine hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride. Pethidine belongs to a group of medicines called opioid analgesics (pain killers). Opioids mimic the effects of naturally occurring pain relieving chemicals (endorphins). They bind to specific receptors in the brain and spinal cord called opioid receptors. This results in the blocking of transmission of pain signals. Promethazine hydrochloride is a member of the phenothiazine class of medicines. It is a sedating antihistamine that also has anti-emetic actions. It is used to treat mental illness, allergies and some types of nausea and vomiting. It is used as a sleeping medicine (short term) because of its sedative effect. It is also given as premedication before surgery. Promethazine is combined with pethidine in this injection because it has the ability to prolong the activity and lower the maintenance requirement of pethidine. This injection is used as a pre-anaesthetic medication, to relieve pain in childbirth and for the management of severe pain.

What is it used for?

Medication given before an operation to sedate the patient

Pain relief and amnesia during childbirth.

Severe pain

Warning!

This medicine may cause drowsiness. If affected do not drive or operate machinery. Alcohol should be avoided.

Dependence on this medicine may occur if it used for long-term periods of time.

Administration of this medicine during labour may cause breathing difficulties (respiratory depression) in the new-born baby.

Pethidine neurotoxicity may be seen in patients with kidney failure, cancer or sickle cell anaemia when given together with anticholinergics or during prolonged administration of increasing pethidine doses.

This medicine is not recommended for children under eight years of age.

Use with caution in

Abnormal heart rhythms caused by abnormal contractions in the upper part of the heart (supraventricular arrhythmias)

Convulsions, eg epilepsy

Diseases of the bile ducts

Elderly people

Enlarged prostate gland

Head injury

Hypothyroidism

Increased pressure in the brain (raised intracranial pressure)

Intoxication induced by the rapid ingestion of alcoholic drinks (acute alcoholism)

Lack of production of natural steroid hormones from the adrenal gland (adrenocortical insufficiency)

Reduced blood flow to vital internal organs (shock)

Severely decreased kidney function

Severely decreased liver function

Weak or debilitated people

Not to be used in

Biliary colic

Increased pressure in the brain (raised intracranial pressure)

Obstructive airways disease

People who have taken monoamine-oxidase inhibitor antidepressants (MAOIs) in the last 14 days

Removal of the gall bladder (cholecystectomy).

Severe liver disease

Slow, shallow breathing (respiratory depression)

This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy. If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.

There is no information about the safety of this medicine during pregnancy, but it has been widely used for many years without apparent ill consequence.

This medicine should be used with caution by breastfeeding mothers, and only if the expected benefit to the mother is greater than any possible risk to the baby. Seek medical advice from your doctor.

Side effects

Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Because a side effect is stated here, it does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.

Blurred vision

Dry mouth

Vomiting

Slow, shallow breathing (respiratory depression)

Excitement

Nausea

Sweating

Weakness

A state of well-being, optimism and cheerfulness (euphoria)

Dizziness

Fainting

High blood pressure (hypertension)

The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the drug's manufacturer. For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.

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