Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life imprisonment.
What were the main events in the previous century that shaped the way we live today?
We've looked back over the past 100 years and compiled a list of events, inventions and social changes that may have affected the present and possibly the future.
1960
France becomes the fourth nation to acquire atomic capability following the USA, Britain, and the U.S.S.R.
The birth control pill is approved for use in the USA.
First heart pacemaker is used.
The Beatles make their debut in Hamburg, West Germany, with Stu Sutcliffe on bass and Pete Best on drums.
1961
Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin is the first man to travel in space when he orbits the earth in Vostok I on April 12th.
Tension mounts between the Soviet Union and American President John F. Kennedy about Communist expansion in the wake of the Cuban conflict.
Silicon chips are developed.
1962
American surveillance discovers Soviet missiles installed in Cuba, not far from the Florida coast. In the brief, tense standoff known as the 'Cuban Missile Crisis', there is a possibility of nuclear war. 8 years.
1963
Bell Labs introduced the touch-tone phone to replace the rotary dial phones.
John F. Kennedy is assassinated.
1964
In South Africa, Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life imprisonment.
The Surgeon General releases a report that links smoking to lung cancer.
The war in Vietnam escalates, and American bombing of North Vietnam begins. The Marine landing on March 8th represents the first deployment of American troops to Vietnam.
1966
Star Trek begins airing on NBC and becomes a cult classic in science fiction.
England beat West Germany to win the Football World Cup at Wembley.
1967
The world's first heart transplant is performed in Cape Town, South Africa, by Christiaan Barnard, but the patient only lives 18 days.
Texas Instruments devise and market the first hand held calculator.
1968
Apollo 8 is first manned spacecraft to orbit the Moon.
The American black civil rights leader, Dr Martin Luther King, was assassinated.
1969
Richard Nixon is inaugurated president of the United States.
Neil Armstrong becomes the first man to walk on the moon when he exits the lunar capsule Apollo 11 with the famous words "One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."
Concorde's maiden flight took place in 1969, and it entered full commercial service in 1970.